Nesae 92-93

Nesae 92-93

92- A BELIEVER SHOULD NEVER KILL A BELIEVER EXCEPT IN ERROR.  HE WHO KILLS A BELIEVER IN ERROR, ITS RANSOM IS TO FREE A BELIEVING SLAVE AND A RANSOM PAID TO HIS FAMILY, UNLESS THEY REMIT IT AS A CHARITY.  IF HE WAS FROM PEOPLE WHO ARE YOUR ENEMIES, WHILE HE IS A BELIEVER, THEN FREE A BELIEVING SLAVE, BUT IF HE IS WITH PEOPLE WHO HAVE TREATY OF PEACE WITH YOU, THEN A RANSOM IS TO BE PAID TO HIS FAMILY AND FREEING A BELIEVING SLAVE.  HE WHO CAN NOT AFFORD IT, THEN HE SHOULD FAST TWO CONSECUTIVE MONTHS, REPENTING TO ALLAH, AND ALLAH IS ALL KNOWING AND MOST WISE.

93- AS FOR HE WHO KILLS A BELIEVER INTENTIONALLY, HIS RECOMPENSE IS THE HELL-FIRE WHERE HE WILL ABIDE FOREVER, ALLAH’S ANGER IS UPON HIM, ALLAH CURSES HIM AND PREPARED GREAT PUNISHMENT FOR HIM.

1. Allah the Highest stresses on the absolute prohibition of killing another Muslim intention.  No one can avoid the accidental killing sometime, as in accidents.  Intentional killing is totally forbidden however, and it’s punishment is very severe “FOR HE WHO KILLS A BELIEVER INTENTIONALLY, HIS RECOMPENSE IS THE HELL-FIRE WHERE HE WILL ABIDE FOREVER, ALLAH’S ANGER IS UPON HIM, ALLAH CURSES HIM AND PREPARED GREAT PUNISHMENT FOR HIM”

Killing another Muslim intentionally is such a bad sin that Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him said: “For the world to perish is less serious in the eyes of Allah than a Muslim being killed”.  (T: Dyat; 7 & Ma: Dyat; 1 & N: Tahreem; 2)

2. In the event of accidental killing, the person responsible for the killing makes two ransoms.  One is that of a Freeing a believing slave. This does not apply now as there are no slaves any more, and the second is to give a monetary ransom the value of which was 80 camels.  It should remain to be the value of 80 camels in money if it is not appropriate to be paid in live stoke.
3. If the deceased is a Muslim but his people are enemies to the Muslims, then a ransom is not to be paid.
4. If the deceased is a Muslim whose people are not believers but are people who have covenants of peace with the Muslims.  It is enough that they are not enemies.  Then, the person responsible for the killing should pay the ransom.
5. It is not normally the responsibility of the guilty Muslim to pay the ransom, but also of his family and clan, but the ransom should be paid.
6. It does not matter whether the killing was done by one or many, the same rules apply whether the killing is accidental or intentional.  Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him said about intentional killing: “If all the people in the heavens and earth gather to kill one Muslim man, Allah will throw them all in the fire”. 
7. On the Day of Judgement, the first things to be judged between people will be the bloods i.e. cases of killing.  Allah the Highest said: “THOSE WHO DO NOT WORSHIP ANOTHER GOD BESIDES ALLAH, AND DO NOT KILL THE SOUL WHICH ALLAH HAS FORBIDDEN TO KILL EXCEPT FOR A RIGHT CAUSE”.  (S:25 A:68)

Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him said: “On the Day of Resurrection, the killer comes with his victim hanging on to his head saying: ‘My Lord, ask this man why did he kill me?’  (Ma:Dyat;2 & N:Tahreem;2)

This shows us the severity and seriousness of intentional killing, and severely is it punished in this life and in the Hereafter.

We should remember that Allah the Highest knows well if the killing it is intentional or accidental from knowing what is in our hearts and minds.  The ruling of a court on Earth does not change what Allah the Highest sees and knows.

B: Bukhari    M: Muslim     Mal: Malek    A: Ahmed   D: Abu Dawood      

Da: Daremy       Ma: Ibn Magah            N: Nesae          T: Termezi  

النساء ٩٢-٩٣

النساء ٩٢-٩٣

٩٢- وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَن يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلاَّ خَطَئًا وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَئًا فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ إِلاَّ أَن يَصَّدَّقُواْ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَّكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِّيثَاقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةً فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 

٩٣- وَمَن يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًا 

الله تبارك وتعالى يحرم على المؤمنين قتل بعضهم , لكن القتل الخطأ يحدث رغما عنا , كما في حوادث الطرق والحوادث أثناء العمل وغيرها , حيث يكون القتل بدون نيه أو سابق أصرار.  

في حالة القتل الخطأ , فكان على المسلم المتسبب في القتل أن يدفع الديه وأن يحرر عبدا مؤمنا 

إن كان القتيل مؤمن لكنه من قوم أعداء لنا , فعلى المتسبب في القتل تحرير عبدا مؤمنا.

إن كان القتيل من قوم بيننا وبينهم عهد وميثاق بالسلام , فعلى المتسبب في القتل دفع الديه للأهل وتحرير عبد مؤمن.

لم يعد هناك عبيد الآن , لكن الديه مازالت واجبه وهي تدفع لأهل القتيل وهي تعويض .

من لا يملك المال ليدفع الديه عليه أن يصوم شهرين قمريين ممتابعين.

المؤمن لا يقتل إلا بحكم من القضاء و للأسباب التي ينص عليها الشرع , غير هذا فقتل المؤمن عمدا يعتبر من أكبر الكبائر ويعاقب عليها كل من أشترك فيها أيا كان عددهم.  قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : " لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ السَّمَاءِ وَأَهْلَ الأَرْضِ اشْتَرَكُوا فِي دَمِ مُؤْمِنٍ ؛ لأَكَبَّهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي النَّارِ" .  ( ترمذي)

وكان غلام قد قتل في خلافة عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه , قتله خمسة أو سبعة , فقضى عمر بن الخطاب بقتل كل من أشترك في قتله وقال : ”لو اشترك فيه أهل صنعاء لقتلتهم به“.   (البخارى)

وأول ما يحكم فيه الله تبارك وتعالى بين عباده يوم القيامه هو الدماء : ”أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالدِّمَاءِ ”  (بخارى , مسلم , ترمذي , نسائي , أبن ماجه , أحمد)

فيوم القيامه يأتي كل قاتل حاملا من قتله , يشتكيه من قتله الى الله عز وجل.  قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : ”يَجِيءُ الْقَاتِلُ وَالْمَقْتُولُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِرَأْسِ صَاحِبِهِ – وفي لفظ : يَجِيءُ مُتَعَلِّقًا بِالْقَاتِلِ تَشْخَبُ أَوْدَاجُهُ دَمًا - يَقُولُ : رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا لِمَ قَتَلَنِي ”   ( أبن ماجه , نسائي , أحمد)

فالقتل ليس كبيرة كأي كبيره , فمن يقتل أو يحرض على قتل أو يأمر بقتل حسابه شديد وعسير عند الله تبارك وتعالى , في الدنيا والآخرة.

Nesae 88-91

Nesae 88-91

88- WHY SHOULD YOU BE DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTIES   CONCERNING THE HYPOCRITES WHEN ALLAH TURNED THEM BACK TO DISBELIEVE AFTER WHAT THEY EARNED.  DO YOU TRY TO THOSE ALLAH THROW OUT OF HIS PATH GUIDED BACK TO IT? THOSE WHOM ALLAH THROWS OUT OF HIS PATH CAN NEVER FIND THE WAY.

89- THEY WISH THEY DISBELIEVE LIKE THEY DISBELIEVED, THEN YOU WILL BE THE SAME.  NEVER TAKE THEM FOR ALLIES AND CLOSE KIN UNTIL THEY MIGRATE IN THE CAUSE OF ALLAH.  BUT IF THEY TURN BACK TO DISBELIEVE, TAKE THEM AND KILL THEM WHEREVER YOU FIND THEM, AND NEVER TAKE THEM FOR ALLIES OR SUPPORTERS.

90- EXCEPT FOR  THOSE WHO REACH PEOPLE WHO HAVE A TREATY WITH YOU, OR COME TO YOU AND THEIR HEARTS DO NOT LET THEM FIGHT YOU OR FIGHT THEIR OWN PEOPLE, AND IF ALLAH WILLED HE WOULD HAVE GIVEN THEM POWER OVER YOU AND THEY WOULD HAVE FOUGHT YOU.  THEREFORE, IF THEY KEEP AWAY FROM YOU AND DID NOT FIGHT YOU, AND OFFER YOU PEACE, THEN ALLAH DOES NOT ALLOW YOU TAKE ACTION AGAINST THEM.

91- YOU WILL FIND OTHERS WHO DESIRE TO BE SAFE FROM YOU AND FROM THEIR PEOPLE, EVERY TIME THEY OFFERED A TEMPTATION, THEY FALL INTO IT.  IF THEY DO NOT KEEP AWAY FROM YOU, OFFER YOU PEACE, AND RESTRAIN THEIR HANDS FROM YOU, TAKE THEM AND KILL THEM WHEREVER YOU FIND THEM, FOR WE HAVE GIVEN YOU A WARRANT AND POWER OVER THEM.

The 300 hundred men who turned back from going to the battle of Ohud, when the Muslim army was marching on his way to the battle of Ohud;   Some of the Muslims considered them to be total hypocrites and should be fought, while others considered them to be still Muslims.  The Muslims were divided into two groups then.  

Allah the Highest throw them out of His mercy and once this happen they loss the way to Allah.  One then becomes in total misguidance unless one repents and asks Allah the Highest for forgiveness.

Allah the Highest forbids the Muslims from taking such people as close allies and friends.  “NEVER TAKE THEM FOR ALLIES AND CLOSE KIN UNTIL THEY MIGRATE IN THE CAUSE OF ALLAH”.

These were the ones in Medina, who were the original Medina dwellers, so where would they have migrated to.  People at the time migrated to Medina, not from Medina.  There are other types of migration:

1. To leave what Allah the Highest has forbidden, to do what pleases Him.  Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him said: “The migrant is the one who leaves what Allah has forbidden”.  (B:Eman;4 & N:Eman;9 & Ma:Fetan;2 &A:2;162)

Also Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him was asked: “What is the best migration?” he said: “To leave what Allah has forbidden”.  (D: Watr; 11 & N: Zakah; 49 & Da: Salah; 135 & A: 2; 160)

2. To stay away from the sinners who are persisting with their sins.  This is to protect one’s self from their influence on him, also can be used as a kind of punishment.

3. A Muslim can still migrate from a land where he can not practice his Faith and Religion, to another where he can.  Or from a land where he suffers persecution, to another where he does not.

Then Allah the Highest speaks to us about other situations which the Muslims might face in their confrontation with the hypocrites or disbelievers:

1. If the hypocrites or disbelievers seek the protection of other people, believers or disbelievers whom the Muslims has peace with.  Allah the Highest commands the Muslims that this peace should be respected.

2. If the hypocrites or disbelievers come to the Muslims, not wanting to fight the Muslims nor do they want to fight their own people.  Allah the Highest commands us not to fight them as long as they do not fight the Muslims.

3. Others who fear both the Muslims and their people and want to be safe from both groups.  They want to secure themselves by not becoming enemies to either group.  

Every time they are tested, they show their hypocrisy and misguidance.  Allah the Highest commands that if they do not keep away from the Muslims, and if they pose any threat, they should be fought and killed.  Allah the Highest gives us warrant and power against them.  

To summarize, those disbelievers or hypocrites who do not fight the Muslims or are with people who do not want to fight the Muslims; should be left in peace.  If they are only looking for their own safety and do not keep away from the Muslim that is posing a threat, they should be fought.

B: Bukhari    M: Muslim     Mal: Malek    A: Ahmed   D: Abu Dawood      

Da: Daremy       Ma: Ibn Magah            N: Nesae          T: Termezi  

النساء ٨٨-٩١

النساء ٨٨-٩١

٨٨- فَمَا لَكُمْ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ وَاللَّهُ أَرْكَسَهُم بِمَا كَسَبُواْ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَهْدُواْ مَنْ أَضَلَّ اللَّهُ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلاً 

٨٩- وَدُّواْ لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُواْ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَاء فَلاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنْهُمْ أَوْلِيَاء حَتَّىَ يُهَاجِرُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا فَخُذُوهُمْ وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَلاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنْهُمْ وَلِيًّا وَلاَ نَصِيرًا 

٩٠- إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىَ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَاقٌ أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَن يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَاتِلُواْ قَوْمَهُمْ وَلَوْ شَاء اللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَاتَلُوكُمْ فَإِنِ اعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلاً 

٩١- سَتَجِدُونَ آخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأْمَنُوكُمْ وَيَأْمَنُواْ قَوْمَهُمْ كُلَّ مَا رُدُّواْ إِلَى الْفِتْنَةِ أُرْكِسُواْ فِيهَا فَإِن لَّمْ يَعْتَزِلُوكُمْ وَيُلْقُواْ إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّواْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأُوْلَئِكُمْ جَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَانًا مُّبِينًا

يكلمنا الله سبحانه وتعالى عن المنافقين , الذين يقول الله تبارك وتعالى عليهم أنه أركسهم , أي ردهم الى كفرهم , وذلك بما فعلوا فأكتسبوا من الخطايا والذنوب,

كان أول ظهور كبير للمنافقين عندما تحرك جيش مشركين من مكه قوامة ثلاثة آلاف رجل متجها للمدينه حتى وصل عند جبل أحد خارج المدينه , فتحرك جيش قوامه الف رجل من المدينة لملاقاتهم عند جبل أحد.  كان هناك خلاف بين المسلمين في أما ملاقاة العدو خارج المدينه أم أنتظار العدو حتى يدخل عليهم المدينه ثم يضربونه في الطرقات ومن فوق الاسطح.  

قرر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الخروج بالجيش لملاقاة العدو مما أغضب المنافقون بزعامة عبد الله بن أبي بين سلول فقرر العودة للمدينة وعاد معه قرابة ثلاثمائة رجل من الجيش وذهب ٧٠٠ رجل لملاقاة العدو.

من المنافقين ناس ليس في قلوبهم أيمان أصلا والبعض الآخر منهم أيمانهم كان ضعيفا وكانوا سهل الأنقياد للآخرين.

• قد يلجأ المنافقون لطلب الحماية من آخرين ويكون الآخرون بيننا وبينهم سلام , فيجب على المسلمين أحترام هذا السلام.
• قد يلجأ المنافقون للمسلمين , لا يرغبون في حرب المسلمين ولا يرغبون في حرب قومهم , فالله تبارك وتعالى يأمرنا بأن لا نقاتلهم طالما أنهم لا يقاتلوننا.
• وهناك من لا يريدون أن عداوة المسلمين أو عداوة قومهم , ويريدون أن يأمنوا على أنفسهم من الأثنان , لكنهم لا أمان لهم ومتى واتتهم الفرصة غدروا بالمسلمين , فأولائك يأمرنا الله عز وجل أن نعتزلهم , لأنهم لا عهد ولا أمان لهم , فإن لم يعتزلوا المسلمين فعلينا بقتالهم حتى نأمن على أنفسنا وبلادنا وأهلنا. النساء ٩٢-٩٣