Anam 120
120- AND REFRAIN FROM THE MANIFEST AND HIDDEN SINS, THOSE WHO EARN SINS WILL BE RECOMPENSED FOR WHAT THEY DID.
Allah the Highest is forbidding us from committing all sins and wicked deeds which we are told can be either Manifest or Hidden in these Aiahs:
“AND LEAVE THE MANIFEST AND HIDDEN SIN” (S: 6 A: 120)
“AND DO NOT APPROACH THE WICKED DEEDS, THE MANIFEST AND THE HIDDEN OF THEM” (S: 6 A: 151)
So what is the Manifest and what are the Hidden sins?
The Manifest sins are those seen by others and for being seen by other they have two sins:
First; the sin of the deed itself such as stealing, adultery, swearing.
Second: The sin of showing the sin to others. For the person who shows the sins he commits is showing to every one that he does not care about Allah’s commands and prohibitions. Also being a bad example to others, encouraging them to commit such sins in public. This is how sins become ordinary and normal daily practice and this is how mischief such as stealing, bribery, adultery and other sins spreads on earth. The person who commits sins in public carries the sins of his deed and all the sins of those who follow his example, as Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him said: “He who makes a good example in Islam, he will have it’s reward and the reward of all those who follow him without reducing any of their reward, and he who makes a bad example in Islam, he will have it’s sin and the sins of those who follow him, without reducing their sins”. (Muslim, Elm, 15 & Termezi, Elm, 15)
For example, if a person invites others to gatherings where they will learn and remember Allah the Highest, he will gain besides his reward, as much as the reward of those who respond to him, and those who follow them. And if a person invites others to drink alcoholic drinks, he will have their sins and the sins of those who learned this from them as well.
As for the Hidden Sins, they happen in many ways:
First: This is the sin committed in secret without the knowledge of others such as drinking intoxicants or bribery or adultery in secret. This is one form.
Second: Doing good deeds to be seen. That is for a person to do what he should do for the sake of Allah the Highest of Salah, Fasting, Zakah, charity, Haj, and others seeking to be seen and seeking the reputation. This is what Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him called the minor idolatry.
Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him said: “The most I fear for you is the minor sherk (Idolatry)”. They said : “and what is the minor idolatry Allah’s messenger?”, he said : “Doing things to be seen to be doing them, Allah the Exalted and Majestic says on the day of resurrection when he recompense people for their deeds: “Go to those you want to see it in the lower life and see if they have a reward for you”. (Ahmed)
Third: One can do a deed which is not a sin in how it look to every one, but the real reason for doing it is wrong. For example one may go to court to judge a dispute over property, knowing that the other person has the right to the property but can not prove it, while he can produce some evidence to support his claim. In this case the judge will rule according to the evidence, and the person who has the right to the property will loose it. Allah the Highest forbad this when he said in Sorah El-Baqarah “ AND DO NOT EAT UP EACH OTHER’S WEALTH THROUGH FALSEHOOD AND PUT IT BEFORE THE JUDGES AND RULERS TO EAT UP A PORTION OF PEOPLE’S WEALTH WRONGFULLY WHILE YOU KNOW” (S:2 A:188)
There is also a Hadith narrated by Om Salama the Allah’s messenger’s wife, prayer and peace upon him, she said: Allah’s messenger prayer and peace upon him heard noises of people disputing outside his room, he went out to them and said: “I am but a human, and you come to me in a dispute, and may be one of you will be better spoken than the other, and I think he is truthful and rule in his favor. Whoever I rule to some Muslim’s another person’s right, it is a piece of fire, he may take it or leave it”. (Muslim; Aqdeya, 4 & Bukhari; Heyal, 10 & Termezi, Ahkam, 11)
Fourth: Of the hidden sins is to look in secret at people’s private lives and business and to spy on them for Allah the Highest said: “DO NOT SPY”. (Al Hogorat)
Fifth: Wishing others bad things in your hearts.
Sixth: To covet what others have, spouse, property, status etc.
This is because Allah the Highest said: “DO NOT LOOK OUT AT WHAT WE HAVE GIVEN SOME SPOUSES TO ENJOY” (S: 15 A: 88)
And also said: “AND DO NOT WISH WHAT ALLAH FAVOURED SOME OF YOU OVER OTHERS”. (S: 3 A: 32)
This was a brief account of some of the manifest and hidden sins, may Allah the Highest safe us from and pardons us. Amen.
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